IMPORTANT TO KNOW

Before you read the information given to you, all facts have been taken out of Solomon-Berg-Mar Biology text book, unless given a citation at the bottom of the post.

Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic

Differences: The main difference between these two cells is that a Eukaryotic cell has a nucleus, while a Prokaryotic cell doesn't. Eukaryotic cells are generally found in plants and animals, while Prokaryotic cells are found in bacteria and Archeae. Eukaryotics are multicellular plants and animals, and Prokaryotics are unicellular like bacteria. Eukaryotic cells have lysosomes and Prokayriotics don't.

Similarities: The only similarities between the two are that they both have vacuoles and vesicles.

diffen.com. "Eukaryotic Cell vs Prokaryotic Cell - Difference and Comparison | Diffen." Diffen - Compare Anything. Diffen. Discern. Decide.. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Sept. 2012. <http://www.diffen.com/difference/Eukaryotic_Cell_vs_Prokaryotic_Cell>.

Plant v. Animal Cell

Differences: Plants have a cell wall while Animal cells don't. An animal cell is a very irregular shape while all plant cells are a fixed rectangle. Animal cells may have one or more small vacuole while plant cells have one large vacuole that takes up 90% of the cell. Animal cells have no chloroplasts while plant cells need them to survive. Animal cells have many lysosomes while plant cells usually don't.

Overall I would prefer to be a plant cell seeing as it makes its own food so the energy doesn't have to go through another 90% energy loss to get to the next level in the food chain.

diffen.com. "Animal Cell vs Plant Cell - Difference and Comparison | Diffen." Diffen - Compare Anything. Diffen. Discern. Decide.. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Sept. 2012. <http://www.diffen.com/difference/Animal_Cell_vs_Plant_Cell>.

Cell Wall

I am the cell wall and I can only be found in plant cells. For some reason the animals don't need me. My main function is to keep the wanted stuff in, and the unwanted stuff out. I also have these propeller like objects called flagella that help the entire cell move around.

Lysosome

I am a bunch of small sacs of enzymes dispersed around the cell of a eukaryote. Researchers have found 40 different types of enzymes inside of me. I usually confine my enzymes and their actions to just inside of me, but when the tissue around me breaks, I am referred to as a "leaky" lysosome. My primary form is made by budding from the Golgi complex and my hydrolytic enzymes are synthesized in the Rough ER. When one or more of my primary forms fuse with the vesicle containing the ingested material (bacteria/debris) I become a larger vesicle called a secondary lysosome. When one of my enzymes is missing, it means bad news for humans. A great example of this is Tay-Sachs disease. A lipid can't be broken down inside of the brain due to a missing enzyme and it accumulates and kills somebody.

Nuclear Envelope

Basically, I separate the whole nucleolus from the rest of the cell. There are two of me that are separated by 20-40 nano-meters. Occasionally, my two walls will come together to form nuclear pores, which consist of protein complexes.

Chloroplast

My kin the mitochondria has probably already spoken much about me and my function. Yes, my main objective is to carry out the process of photosynthesis for the cell that I am housed in. Though he did not tell you that the way I am able to achieve such a bright green is the chlorophyll that I am safe-keeping. I also have two other light-absorbing yellow and orange pigments known as carotenoids.I am formed when my parents, Proplastids, are stimulated by exposure to

Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough and Smooth.

Rough ER: The main difference between me and my brother the Sooth ER is that I am studded with ribosomes while he is not. The entirety of me is responsible for the synthesizing of lipids, the modification of many proteins. I am also the origin of intracellular transport vesicles that carry said proteins. Myself being the Rough ER, I am responsible the manufacturing of proteins that are destined for secretion or for incorporation into membranes.

Smooth ER: Now for my little brother. He is responsible for the biosynthesis of lipids and the detoxification of drugs that enter the body of a plant of animal.

Vacuole

I am the lysosome in a plant cell. I carry out many of the functions in a plant cell that are done by the lysosomes in an animal cell. That includes helping plant cells grow large by storing water, storing food, salts, pigments and metabolic wastes. I may serve as a storage compartment for inorganic compounds and for molecules such as proteins and seeds. I break down unneeded organelles and other cell components.

Ribosomes

I am the small but important ribosomes. I am generally made up of RNA and protein that are attached to the Endoplasmic Reticulum, or just floating around in the cell, by myself. I have an enzyme that is absolutely necessary to forming peptide bonds. I also function as a manufacturing plant that assembles proteins. Each of my Eukaryotic brothers are a knot of three ribosoma RNA strands in association with about 75 different proteins.

Golgi Complex

I am the all-mighty Golgi Complex! I am made up of stacks of flattened membrane sacs and my main purpose is to modify proteins, package secreted proteins and sort other proteins to vacuoles and other organelles. As you can see, i enjoy protein. I have 3 areas that are generally referred to as the cis face, the trans face and the medial region. Usually, the cis face is located nearest to the nucleus and receives materials from the transport vesicles from the ER. The trans face, closest to the plasma membrane, packages molecules in vesicles and transports them out of the Golgi.

Mitochondria

I am the site of the most reactions of cellular respiration. Through aerobic respiration, I am able to take oxygen and convert the chemical energy present in certain foods into ATP. During this aerobic respiration process, i take carbon and oxygen atoms from food molecules like glucose and convert them into CO2 and Water. I have been counted over 1000 times in a single liver cell so there are plenty of me's out there in the world. My counter part, chloroplasts, do exactly the same thing I do, just from a different fuel source. While I take oxygen and chemical energy, chloroplasts absorb light radiation from the sun, absorb CO2 and Water through the air and ground, respectively, and turn it into ATP. A bi-product of that process (known as photosynthesis) is O2 and glucose, which I, the mighty mitochondria, take in and the whole cycle is restarted.

Cell Membrane

I, the Cell Membrane, am the divider of organelles inside the entire cell. I create compartments in which  certain cell activities are carried out in one of my compartments, and different cell activities are carried out in another. I am also able to store energy much like a dam on a river. The difference in the concentration of some substance on either side of me is a form of stored or potential energy.

Cell

The whole is more then the sum of its parts. That's me, the cell. I have plenty of different organelles inside of me, all performing functions necessary for life to continue